Neurochemical activities in human temporal lobe related to aging and Alzheimer-type changes. Perry EK, Blessed G, Tomlinson BE, Perry RH, Crow TJ, Cross AJ, et al. Intralaminar neurochemical distributions in human midtemporal cortex: comparison between Alzheimer’s disease and the normal. Perry EK, Atack JR, Perry RH, Hardy JA, Dodd PR, Edwardson JA, et al.
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Hippocampal free amino acids in Alzheimer’s disease. Tarbit I, Perry EK, Perry RH, Blessed G, Tomlinson BE. A post-mortem study of the cholinergic and GABA systems in senile dementia. Rossor MN, Garrett NJ, Johnson AL, Mountjoy CQ, Roth M, Iversen LL. Selective loss of central cholinergic neurons in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurotransmitter-related enzymes in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. Glutamate transmission and toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease. Greenamyre JT, Maragos WF, Albin RL, Penney JB, Young AB. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. 2019 4:37.īartus RT, Dean RL, Beer B, Lippa AS. History and progress of hypotheses and clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease. An English translation of Alzheimer’s 1907 paper, “Uber eine eigenartige Erkankung der Hirnrinde”. 2023 Alzheimer’s disease Facts and Figures. Our findings suggest the GABAergic system is vulnerable to AD pathology and should be considered a potential target for developing pharmacological strategies and novel AD biomarkers.Īlzheimer’s Association. Here, we showed a global reduction of GABAergic system components in the brain and lower GABA levels in the CSF of AD patients. Random-effects meta-analysis revealed that AD patients presented lower GABA levels in the brain (SMD = −0.48, adjusted p value (adj. The search identified 3631 articles, and 48 met the final inclusion criteria (518 HC, mean age 72.2, and 603 AD patients, mean age 75.6). Heterogeneity was estimated using the I 2 index, and the risk of bias was assessed with an adapted questionnaire from the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. We searched PubMed and Web of Science from database inception to March 18 th, 2023 for studies reporting GABA, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) 65/67, GABA A, GABA B, and GABA C receptors, GABA transporters (GAT) 1–3 and vesicular GAT in the brain, and GABA levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. Here, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate whether the GABAergic system is altered in AD patients compared to healthy controls (HC), following the PRISMA 2020 Statement. Its dysregulation has been shown in multiple brain conditions, but in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) studies have provided contradictory results. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system is the primary inhibitory neurotransmission system in the mammalian brain.
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